Southwest Washington Regional Transportation Council

I-5 Bridge Trunnion Repair Project

Tri-Met Operations and Mitigation Plan Background

In spring 1997, the Oregon Department of Transportation notified Portland area agencies and jurisdictions of an urgent need to repair the I-5 Interstate Bridge trunnion on the northbound span. The trunnion is the wheel and shaft mechanism that raises and lowers the vertical lift draw span. A growing crack has been discovered, and estimates indicate that if no action is taken the crack will grow and eventually cause the trunnion to fail, resulting in a catastrophic drop of the 700 ton bridge span counterweight and the 1,400 ton span itself. The event is estimated to occur between 1999 and 2019, with the most likely date of 2009. The longer the repair project is delayed, the higher the probability of the trunnion's failure.

In order to repair the trunnion, the bridge must be closed for approximately 21 consecutive days, commencing September 16, 1997. All north and southbound traffic will be routed across the southbound span. At least one lane in each direction will remain open at all times. A reversible center lane will be employed on the bridge to respond to increased traffic during each peak hour.

Severe traffic congestion as a result of the bridge closure will not be limited to the I-5 corridor, but will likely be felt regionally. Impacts to the transit system will be most severe in North and Northeast Portland, but could be felt as far south as Powell Blvd. Not only freeways, but major arterials will become congested (particularly those with freeway access) as commuters seek alternate routes to and from work.

This report documents Tri-Met's operational plan during the project. It does not address other sizable mitigation efforts conducted by other agencies and jurisdictions.

Goals:

  • Provide a level of customer service that exceeds expectations
  • Preserve our existing ridership base
  • Maintain schedule reliability on existing service
  • Implement experimental services and treatments that improve customer service, operations, and ridership

Guiding Principles:

  • Implement a few highly focused and highly successful mitigation programs
  • Make the best possible use of available resources
  • Maintain flexibility in order to respond to unexpected events
  • Improve coordination, communication, and cooperation with other agencies and jurisdictions

Operational Components:

  1. Line 5-Interstate and Bridge Shuttle Operation
  2. MAX / C-TRAN Capacity Increase
  3. Amtrak Passenger Service - Vancouver Depot to Union Station
  4. Sandy Blvd. Park and Ride Express

 


Operational Components

1. Line 5-Interstate and Bridge Shuttle Operation

Line 5-Interstate operates from Vancouver Transit Center to Downtown Portland and is then through-routed to Line 5-Capital Highway. Although through-routed lines are highly efficient in terms of resource allocation, they are more susceptible to reliability problems due to their length.

Service disruptions on one end of the route can result in delays and passenger inconvenience on the other end of the route. Because of the high probability of substantial delays due to traffic congestion caused by the bridge closure, Line 5-Interstate will be shortlined in the Kenton Park area.

Kenton Park was selected because it is the farthest northern point on the route that can be reached reliably. Line 5 buses should not be subjected to delay due to traffic congestion attempting to reach the Kenton Park area.

Hayden Meadows and Jantzen Beach were determined to be too risky to try and reach due to expected congestion. Transit operations will be further complicated by the closure of the northbound on ramp from Jantzen Beach to I-5. This closure will require all traffic traveling from Jantzen Beach to Vancouver to go south on I-5 to the Delta Park area and turn around.

ODOT plans to close the northbound on ramps from Marine Drive and MLK Jr. Blvd. to autos, however they will allow buses only to use the Marine Drive on ramp to I-5 northbound. This will shorten out-of-direction travel, and allow buses bound for Vancouver to rejoin the traffic queue at a more advantageous point. Autos will be directed to Victory Blvd. at Hayden Meadows to turn around.

Due to the expected traffic congestion and the difficulty of serving Jantzen Beach and Vancouver, Tri-Met will employ a three-shuttle system north of the Kenton Park terminus of Line 5-Interstate. A three-shuttle approach based on a transfer location in Kenton will considerably reduce travel time and out-of-direction travel for most customers. While this plan may require more buses and greater operation supervision, it provides the best possible customer support considering the circumstances.

The shuttle plan responds to the three distinct travel markets now served by Line 5-Interstate:

  • Travel between Vancouver and Jantzen Beach
  • Travel between Portland and Jantzen Beach
  • Travel between Portland and Vancouver

Shuttle operation will be as follows:

    Red Shuttle - Running from the Vancouver TC to Jantzen Beach and back to the Vancouver TC.
    Blue Shuttle - Running from the Kenton transfer location to Jantzen Beach and back to the Kenton transfer location.
    Green Shuttle - Running from Vancouver TC direct to the Kenton transfer to Line #5, then back to Vancouver TC.

All three shuttles will operate seven days a week, throughout Line 5's service day. It is expected that three buses will be required during peak hours on each shuttle route to maintain reliable service.

Blue and Green shuttles will use the Denver Ave. "Bus Only" lane to bypass any traffic queues to enter I-5 from the Kenton area. ODOT will be asked to see if the bus lane can temporarily be extended through an underpass to provide even better queue bypass opportunities. Should the Denver Ramp become congested alternate shuttle routes will be implemented. The Red shuttle will use the Marine Drive "Bus Only" on-ramp to return to I-5 after leaving Jantzen Beach for Vancouver.

Road Supervisors, in conjunction with Bus Dispatchers using Automatic Vehicle Location (AVL), will need to closely monitor and manage bus movements to ensure the best possible transfer connection for passengers. Supervisors may need to be located at the Kenton transfer location, Jantzen Beach, and possibly the Vancouver TC stop.

Efforts are underway to arrange use of a vacant lot between Argyle and Willis, across from Kenton Park. The lot would be used as a temporary off street transfer facility. Passenger amenities such as shelters, lighting, telephones, etc. would be installed during the project. Should the lot be unavailable, Tri-Met will then use city streets in the area of the Kenton Park. The City of Portland Parking Control Department has indicated that they would make special on-street no parking area arrangements for our buses if necessary.

 


2. MAX / C-TRAN Capacity Increase

Tri-Met and C-TRAN are developing an integrated plan to increased ridership from Clark County. All C-TRAN service operated across the I-205 Bridge will terminate at Gateway Transit Center. Passengers on that service will transfer at Gateway to MAX or other Tri-Met bus lines to complete their trips.

MAX service will be increased by four additional two-car trains from Gateway to 11th Avenue (over the "planned" September Service Improvement). Introduction of the Low Floor Cars and the extension to Salmon Street would likely occur as planned. The "planned" September 1997 service improvement is designed to accomplish three goals:

  • Introduction of the new low floor cars
  • Extension of service to Salmon Street Station
  • Provide a slight increase in peak capacity

The "planned" September capacity increase is accomplished by converting all single car units to two-car consists and extension of any shortline trips to/from Gateway to the end of the line. There will be 14 peak hour trains each operating as a married pair of Type I and Type II cars.

C-TRAN can operate more trips from Clark County via I-205 by terminating their service at Gateway Transit Center. Due to a shorter "cycle" time for existing service and the addition of more buses, C-TRAN projects that an additional 1,500 passengers a day can be delivered to Gateway. Four additional two-car trains can be added during the project to provide increased peak capacity for 2,400 more passengers. During the project period MAX will operate 18 peak hour trains. The extra trips will be "non-scheduled" and placed between regular service spread out over the extended peak period.

The extra trips will operate only to the 11th Avenue Terminal due to switching configurations at Salmon Street Station which prevents all trips from being extended.

The goal is to operate all trains with at least one Low Floor Car. If fewer than 18 Low Floor Cars are available, then service would be supplemented by Type I vehicles. C-Tran will terminate three express routes at Gateway, resulting in an effective five minute headway from Clark County. C-Trans' drop off and pick up point will be moved from the south end of the platform to a more centrally located bus bay to facilitate transfers. Extra supervisory support plus "Ask Me" volunteers will be deployed at Gateway. Volunteers will be trained to not only guide commuters to waiting rail cars, but to quickly determine passenger destinations which, in many cases, would be better served by local bus service when customer destinations lie outside the downtown area.

Additional buses may be needed to handle the increased C-TRAN passengers at Gateway. Implementation of an HOV lane on the I-205 bridge will probably result in a considerable jump in transit riders going into Gateway.

 


3. Amtrak

The Burlington Northern Railroad has given conditional approval to a proposal from Amtrak to operate increased passenger service between Vancouver Depot and Union Station. Service may be provided by the "Seattle Seahawk Special" that is used to transport passengers to football games in Seattle. There would be three trips in the a.m. peak and three in the p.m. peak. Morning departures from Vancouver are scheduled at 5:30 a.m., 6:45 a.m., and 8:00 a.m. Afternoon departures from Union Station would be at 4:00 p.m., 5:15 p.m., and 6:30 p.m. One way running time is about 20 to 30 minutes. A each train trip has a one trip capacity of 750 seats. Demand is not expected to exceed capacity.

Arriving passengers at Union Station will be accommodated primarily by buses that are departing North Terminal to begin their outbound trips. It is anticipated that most passengers arriving at Union Station will be destined for the downtown core. All buses departing North Terminal operate on 5th. Avenue through downtown. Between 6:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m. buses depart North Terminal on average every 2 minutes.

Three additional buses will be on standby at Union Station to help accommodate unexpected demand. If needed, garage bound buses will be diverted to Union Station by the Road Operations Department. If necessary, Road Supervisors can hold departing buses for a short time so that departures can more closely correspond to Amtrak arrivals.

Trained "Ask Me" volunteers will be deployed at Union Station to guide commuters toward the first southbound stop on the Mall at 5th and Hoyt, and to specific lines when their destinations are outside the downtown core.

 


4. Sandy Park and Ride

Tri-Met's Park and Ride lot at 95th and Sandy Blvd. is mostly empty, yet is situated in an ideal location to capture commuters from I-205. Effective promotion of the Park and Ride, combined with increased service on Sandy (Limited Stop Service), should attract new riders. Five extra buses will be needed to operate 15 minute service during the peak hours.

"Limited Stop Service" is modified express operation that only serves bus stops at transfer points. In this case, the extra Sandy buses would serve Parkrose Park and Ride, 82nd Avenue, 57th Avenue, 42nd Avenue (no deviation to Hollywood Station), 12th Avenue, and then all stops on the Portland Transit Mall.

A dedicated Road Supervisor to monitor and mange operation of this service should not be necessary. All trips on the Sandy "Limited" will be scheduled. Dispatchers using AVL in coordination with the area's district Supervisor should be able to effectively direct operation of the service.

 


Resources

Operators

Tri-Met has recently embarked on the largest hiring program in its history. Nearly 300 new operators must be hired in the next 12 months to support Westside Rail and Bus improvements, and to maintain current Bus Operator levels due to attrition. Thus far, recruitment, hiring, and training are ahead of projected needs. Tri-Met had planned to slow down hiring over the summer. However, due to the I-5 Bridge project, the hiring program will be continued to have a surplus of about 20 Operators to support the project.

Buses

The Bus Maintenance Department will "temporarily" lower the bus spare ratio from 20% to 15%. This action yields approximately 30 additional peak hour buses to support the added service described above. Three weeks is the maximum length of time the Bus Maintenance Department can operate at the reduced spare ratio. Should the project take longer than anticipated, expanded bus operations will have to be scaled back due to lack of equipment.

Road Supervisors and Dispatchers

Extra or special event service needs to be closely monitored and supervised to be effective. Each extra service element contained in this plan will require on site Road Supervision and/or monitoring by Dispatchers using Automatic Vehicle Location equipment (AVL). The largest allocation will be managing the Kenton Park transfer location. A Supervisor will be needed on site throughout the 20-hour service day to not only manage operations, but also to provide a high level of customer service. A dedicated supervisor will be needed at Union Station in the morning.

At the Parkrose Park and Ride, morning supervision will be coordinated by the district Supervisor and Dispatchers using AVL. To provide enhanced supervision during the project, the Road Operations Department will allocate extra shifts by increasing overtime.

Rail Operators, Supervisors, and Controllers

Although the MAX component of the Operations Plan provides a substantial increase in service, it can be accomplished with a relatively small allocation of personnel. Through the hiring process described above, new Operators will be made available to support increased peak hour service during the project. Since this is also a time of highly focused training in anticipation of Westside LRT opening, these Operators will remain in the Rail Transportation headcount to support training and car "burn in" elements of Westside Start-up.

It is anticipated that one additional Rail Supervisor will be required to manage rail operations out of Gateway Transit Center. The Supervisor will be needed only during peak hours, and can be accommodated with existing resources. No additional Controllers are needed.

Ask Me Duty

There will be a need for "Ask Me" duty volunteers during the project. In most locations, the need for Ask Me staff should be limited to the morning rush hours. Ask Me staff should be deployed at Gateway Transit Center to help guide C-Tran passengers to MAX and other bus routes. At Union Station, Ask Me volunteers will help guide passengers deboarding Amtrak to buses that will complete their commute.

At the Kenton Transfer location, Ask Me people could support the Road Supervisors in helping passengers complete their transfer connections. It is not practical however, to have Ask Me people staff this location throughout the day due to the length of the service day on Line 5-Interstate. It should not be necessary to staff the Parkrose Park and Ride with Ask Me duty people.

Other Tri-Met Bus Routes Impacted by the Bridge Closure

Although the closure of the northbound span of the I-5 Bridge would appear to be an isolated event, it is expected to have a regional impact. It is difficult to predict how many other Tri-Met services will be affected. Logically, one would expect that the routes closest to the bridge in North and Northeast Portland might be impacted. These routes are 4-Fessenden, 6-MLK Jr., 8-15th Avenue, and 75-39th Avenue/Lombard. Of these, Line 6 and 8 could be severely impacted. Line 6 operates peak hour trips on Marine Drive to/from St. Johns via the Rivergate Industrial District. There could be significant delays due to the proximity of the bridge closure. Most of the trips however terminate at the Jubitz Truck stop on North Vancouver Way, and have adequate layover to accommodate some delay.

Line 8's terminus is at Hayden Meadows, which could become highly congested as commuters seek quicker paths north other than I-5. Road Operations will have to monitor service on these routes to determine impacts and possible solutions should the routes suffer severe delays. It is conceivable that Line 8 may need to be shortlined with Line 5 in Kenton. The Jantzen Beach shuttle may need to be used to serve both Hayden Meadows and Hayden Island.

As increased traffic uses the I-205 Bridge, commuters will likely find that I-84 is too congested. As they seek another East/West route, arterial streets like Stark, Glisan, Morrison/Belmont, Division and even as far south as Powell Blvd. may show the effects of increased traffic.

 


Implementation and Use of This Information

Projects of this magnitude typically have modifications made during the implementation process. Shifts of trip times and routes will likely occur as plans are finalized. The above information should not be used by riders as the primary source in planning alternate modes or routes during the bridge closure.

 


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Last modified: August 13, 1997